Title Landfills - Fact Is More Ominous Than Fiction It Has Long Been

Title: Landfills - Fact is more dismal than fiction It has for quite some time been accepted that the biggest element brought upon the Earth by mankind is the Pyramid of the Sun, developed in Mexico around the beginning of the Christian period. The mammoth structure orders almost thirty million cubic feet of room. Interestingly, in any case, is the Durham Road Landfill, outside San Francisco, which involves more than seventy million cubic feet of the biosphere. It is a dismal landmark, for sure, to the abundances of current society [Gore 151]. One may expect such an immense hill of trash is the biggest thing at any point created by human hands. Miserably, this isn't the situation. The Fresh Kills Landfill, situated on Staten Island, is the biggest landfill on the planet. It sports a rise of 155 feet, an expected mass of 100 million tons, and a volume of 2.9 billion cubic feet. In all out land, it is equivalent to 16,000 baseball fields [Miller 526]. Constantly 2005, when the landfill is anticipated to close, its height will arrive at 505 feet above ocean level, making it the most elevated point along the Eastern Seaboard, Florida to Maine. At that tallness, the hill will establish a risk to air traffic at Newark air terminal [Rathje 3-4]. New (Kills is from the Dutch word for brook) was initially a flowing swamp. In 1948, New York City organizer Robert Moses built up an exceptionally commended venture to store civil trash in the marsh until the degree of the land was above ocean level. An investigation of the zone anticipated the bog would be filled continuously 1968. He at that point intended to build up the territory, building houses and pulling in light industry. Civic chairman Impelliteri gave a report named The Fresh Kills Landfill Project in 1951. The report expressed, to a limited extent, that the endeavor can't neglect to influence helpfully a wide territory around it. The report finished by expressing, It is on the double down to earth and optimistic [ Rathje 4]. One must welcome the incongruity in the way that Robert Moses was, in his day, thought about a main traditionalist. His significant achievements incorporate black-top parking areas all through the New York metro region, cleared streets all through city parks, and improvement of Jones Beach, presently the most contaminated, filthy, packed bit of shoreline in the Northeast. In Stewart Udall's book The Quiet Crisis, the previous Secretary of the Interior pampers acclaim on Moses. The JFK bureau part calls Jones Beach an innovative arrangement ... (the) incomparable response to the ever-present issues of congestion [Udall 163-4]. First experience with the book gives this premonition section: Every age must arrangement again with the looters, with the scramble to utilize open assets for private benefit, and with the propensity to incline toward short-run benefits to since quite a while ago run necessities. The emergency might be tranquil, however it is pressing [Udall xii]. St rangely, the subject of landfills is never suggested in Udall's book; in 1963, the issue was, truth be told, a non-issue. A cutting edge best in class sterile landfill is a burial ground for trash, where saved squanders are compacted, extend in far layers, and secured day by day with mud or engineered froth. The cutting edge landfill is fixed with numerous, impermeable layers of mud, sand, and plastic before any trash is stored. This liner forestalls fluids, called leachates, from permeating into the groundwater. Leachates result from downpour water blending in with liquids in the trash, making a profoundly harmful juice containing inks, overwhelming metals, and different toxic mixes. In a perfect world, leachates are siphoned up from assortment focuses along the base of the landfill and either sent to fluid waste removal focuses or re-brought into the upper layers of trash, to continue the cycle. Sadly, most landfills have no such siphoning framework [Miller 527]. Until the arrange ment of the Environmental Protection Agency by Nixon in 1970, there were for all intents and purposes no guidelines overseeing the development, activity, and conclusion of landfills. Accordingly, 85 percent of all landfills surviving in this nation are unlined. Many are situated in closeness to springs or other groundwater includes, or close to topographically flimsy destinations. Numerous more seasoned landfills are filtering poisons into our water gracefully at the present time, with no real way to stop them. For instance, the Fresh Kills landfill releases an expected

My Summer Job free essay sample

I have the decision each morning to be euphoric or thorny. This past summer I had an occupation distributing towels at an outside wellspring. How hard would it be able to be to distribute towels? When children’s moms came up to me while I was working, they would get angry with me if things weren’t going as they arranged. The child’s mother stated, â€Å"Why isn’t the wellspring on, there wasn’t anything internet saying that it would be off today.† I stated, â€Å"I am unfortunately there are specialized challenges with the wellspring right now.† The mother stated, â€Å"Well should I hang tight for it to turn on or am I going to squander my time?† I stated, â€Å"It is up to you since I am not for certain when the wellspring will turn on again.† Having moms be impolite to me on the grounds that a wellspring wasn’t working caused me to acknowledge I can’t let the easily overlooked details wreck my day. We will compose a custom article test on My Summer Job or on the other hand any comparative point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I am increasingly mindful of how articulation in discourse can change how others react. With me remaining hopeful much after moms were angry with me, I had the option to put a grin on different people’s faces. I made sting wristbands while I was working and it fulfilled numerous young ladies. The young ladies would ask, â€Å"Who are you making the arm bands for?† I stated, â€Å"Anybody, would you like one?† The young ladies stated, â€Å"Yes, thank you so much.† What's more, when a father came up to me and stated, â€Å"I might want you to know there are four young ladies with favors their faces, thanks again for the bracelets.† Hearing that I put a grin on those girls’ faces gave me that when I am being hopeful it can spread onto others. Before the finish of summer, distributing a towel changed my view on the best way to react to what is tossed at me.

God and Person :: essays research papers

God and Person  â â â â The word â€Å"person† can be deciphered and characterized from various perspectives, and there are a wide range of angles to consider while expressing what an individual truly is. Achievements, objectives, likes, aversions, and encounters in life make an individual who the person in question truly is. Attributes most â€Å"central† to being an individual incorporate cognizance, thinking, self-roused movement, the ability to impart, and having a self-idea. A brain contributes to a person’s selfâ€a mind is the thing that makes up some portion of an individual, yet doesn't characterize one. A spirit is the best component of an individual. Your impulses, character, and genuine emotions are completely held inside the spirit of an individual. In any case, last, yet not least, society affects an individual, and can at times help characterize what an individual truly is. There are such a significant number of various thoughts running free in the public arena that individuals lock on to, making and helping with trim who an individual truly is. Certain standards and gauges of society impact people’s decisions and convictions throughout everyday life. Society is anything but a significant piece of who a specific individual is, however it is a stunning contributing component. Occasions, connections, and circumstances for the duration of someone’s life do show what an individual truly is. An individual is somebody who has various feelings and musings inside themselves, and the existence that one lives through, or the occasions that one sees, additionally assists with setting up who and what an individual develops and finds oneself to be. An individual is somebody who supports what they put stock in to support a reason, somebody who acknowledges what their identity is and what life truly is, and somebody who can disentangle the idea and significance of right from wrong. An individual has numerous viewpoints, however it isn't one specific thing that makes an individual an individual. It’s mind, body, soul, social issues, and different characteristics folded into one. Epistemological contemplations are additionally utilized in the meaning of an individual when considering and carrying God into the image. Epistemology is having the option to comprehend what you think about God; along these lines, an individual is likewise comprised of convictions and thoughts as well. We think about God by understanding books, tuning in to the Word of God at Mass, investigating the Bible, and so forth., yet you should regularly have confidence to try and put stock in God. Confidence and riddle both assume majors jobs while thinking about God in the light of the human individual.

The Hidden Facts Regarding American Psycho College Essay Topics Revealed by an Old Pro

The Hidden Facts Regarding American Psycho College Essay Topics Revealed by an Old Pro On the other, it's a manner of life. You must grab their attention and the best method to do this is by writing in your voice. When you're writing about yourself, make certain to include words that explain the emotions you're feeling at several portions of the story. In the event you decide you need to speak about one of the cliche essay topics mentioned previously, a fantastic means to tell a more prevalent story is to concentrate on one specific moment and build from that point. Put simply, all the tasks and college essays you're requested to complete should be OK, well-structured, cited correctly and submitted punctually. Since you may see, there's a multitude of different argumentative paper titles you are able to utilize. Make certain you give clear explanations of the things on your list also. Your response shouldn't be a book report. Things You Should Know About American Psycho College Essay Topics College application essays are often the most difficult portion of the application approach. Students know the way to be creative. College is an intellectual place so attempt to convince the board that you're the suitable person in their opinion. Colleges are not searching for perfect individuals. If you wish to go personal and select a relative, be certain you get a memorable and distinctive reason. If you own a friend or relative who reads a whole lot of books in their spare time, I bet you think that they're pretty intelligent. Topics like death and divorce are cautionary as they can be exceedingly tricky to write about. It is possible to also use prompts that will help you brainstorm if you're having a tough time figuring out what to write about. Make certain you provide such type of information which cannot be found in your application. Admissions officers certainly aren't likely to penalize you if, for example, you haven't had the opportunity to travel the planet, or you couldn't afford to participate in some specific pursuits. In various ways, the most labor-intensive portion of your college application procedure is the essay. If you're looking for a writing assistance and a very good essay topic idea, our company is the very best option for you. Once you receive an idea, the practice of writing will be much simpler. For instance, if you're telling about your hobby, you may also mention the way that it will be able to help you to reach optimistic benefits in college and the way that it may influence you learning process. On the flip side, in case you made a great choice, focus on what influenced you to make that decision and the way it has changed you. If You Read Nothing Else Today, Read This Report on American Psycho College Essay Topics Likewise though your essay doesn't need to be 100% deadly serious in tone, you ought to be careful with humor. The topics can fluctuate, but they all are targeted at supplying the information about a student's potential. Deciding on an appropriate essay topic is essential. Choosing topics for argumentative essays is important for your general success. Individual schools sometimes need supplemental essays. The ways students ought to be taught about their wellness. Colleges wish to get to learn more about you. They are more likely to admit students who can articulate specific reasons why the school is a good fit for them beyond its reputation or ranking on any list. Everything additional' distracts readers from the primary topic. 1 important and appropriate subject is technology. So you don't actually wish to get a topic! Somehow, it's even more difficult to decide on an essay topic, as you have to abide by reflective or narrative style, and you've got no decision.

Effects Of Depression On Adolescents And Young Adults

In the DSM IV major depressive disorder is classified by depressive episodes lasting at the least two weeks at which a depressed mood is shown including a loss of enjoyment in previously pleasurable activities and or loss of interest a sad or irritable mood, a significant change in weight or appetite, problems sleeping or concentrating, and feelings of worthlessness. When this intense sorrow begins to tatter with your self-worth and causes you to feel hopeless for a period of time enabling you from performing normal daily routines it may very well be clinical depression one may be suffering from. Clinical Depression is a mood disorder that is treatable. The symptoms of a depressed individual often reflect: hopelessness, agitation, guilt, feelings of worthlessness, fatigue, significant weight loss, insomnia and thoughts of suicide. Depression can distort the way that an individual views their lives, self or even the things around them. The effects of depression are expressed in numerous different ways among various age groups. For adolescents and young adults symptoms may include irritability, sadness, avoidance of social interactions and anxiety. This is the time when emotional turmoil and heightened sensitivity are more prevalent. Thus allowing â€Å"depression to become the most common psychiatric disorder† (Khan McCrae).Depression has a wide range of factors making it easy for anyone to obtain which eventually allowed this to become a communal among many different groups ofShow MoreRelatedEssay on Teen Depression1653 Words   |  7 PagesClinical depression is capable of ruining the future. In a few years, teenagers will be moving up in the world and beginning their lives as contributing members of society. Each one of them will have a job, and will encounter countless other individuals. The dilemma that the world faces is about 17% of teenagers will suffer from depression before they become adults (Canada). This impacts connections not only in the political/business world, but their personal lives and growth as well. TeenageRead MoreTeen Depression In Teens1284 Words   |  6 Pages2017 Depression in Teens Depression is a mental disorder or an mental illness that impacts people all around the world. In America, it has grown tremendously since 1980 and has been affecting younger and younger people, it was once only affecting adults but in recent years has been getting to adolescents and children. Most recently more than 10 percent of adolescents develop a depressive disorder before the age of 18(Collins, 2017). In this paper you will see the differences between adult and teenRead MorePsychological and Emotional Effects of Technology 1405 Words   |  6 PagesA young girl wakes up early in the morning to get ready for school. Before she gets out of bed, she checks her Facebook with her phone that sits in its’ place on her night stand. In class, she checks if she has any text messages from her friends under the table, making sure her teacher does not catch her. When she gets home from school, she sits on her couch, surfing the internet for a few hours before finally starting her homework. When she is about to go to bed, she checks her Facebook once moreRead MoreThe Problem Of Adolescent Depression1489 Words   |  6 PagesToday, adolescent depression is a very significant problem. In most cases, depression is the leading cause of why adolescents tend to make rash decisions and cause problems to themselves and also for others. Emerging adulthood coincides with adolescents as it is a time of feeling in-between. A child is growing to become a teen, a teen is becoming a young adult, and the young adult is becoming an mature, independent adult. Throughout this time, there are many paths to choose from, hardships to overcomeRead MorePsy 230 : Fall 2016 Paper Assignment Essay1064 Words   |  5 Pagesof LGBT young Adults, Journal of Child and Adolescence Psychiatric Nursing, Volume 23, pp. 205-213 Research Question. In this article, the key research questions and hypothesis proposed are: 1) does the family acceptance and supportive behavior predicts show a difference in †¦self-esteem, social support, general health status, depression, substance abuse, suicidal ideation, and behaviors (cite?) and can be influential to the health and mental health of LGBT adolescents and young adults? 2) CanRead MoreSocial Acceptance And Its Impact On Adolescence945 Words   |  4 Pagesdetrimental effects on teens and young adults. Some of the effects can be self-esteem, peer pressure, drug and alcohol abuse, sex, depression and even suicide. Social rejection can influence emotion, cognition and even physical health. According to Amber R. Tolley she wrote in, Conformity: Drug and Alcohol Abuse, within Adolescent Communities, Lincoln Memorial University, â€Å"Social development refers to a person’s capacity for more mature interactions with individuals and groups. Young adolescents haveRead MoreDepression And Its Effects On Depression1316 Words   |  6 Pagesthe thought that depression is something that all of us have experienced at some point in our lives. It focuses on adolescents because during this period we are young and vulnerable and may not know how to cope with situations or circumstances that may lead us into depression. Factors such as going through puberty and issues at home with parents can all cause depression. This paper will talk about what is depression, how families can affect depression in the child, and how depression can lead to longRead MoreBipolar Disorder And Its Effects On The Human Mind987 Words   |  4 Pages Bipolar Disorder is a mental illness that has m any effects on the human body and mind. It’s found in young adults and children as well. Statistics show that the disorder affects about four million people in the United States and is becoming one of the most common disabilities in the United States today. People with bipolar disorder undergo two types of mood swings: depression and mania. Those two are then divided into subcategories: Bipolar 1 Disorder, Bipolar 2 Disorder, and Cylothymia. This paperRead MoreHow should Childhood Depression and Anxiety be Treated/Dealt with?1350 Words   |  6 Pagesquestion: How should childhood depression and anxiety be treated/dealt with? Introduction: Clinical depression, depression, biological depression, and major depression, all refer to the same thing: feeling sad for weeks or months on end. Depressed individuals struggle with feelings of dispaer, hopelessness, and no energy; things like getting out of bed, taking a shower, and eating become hard to do. Recent evidence has validated clinical depression in children as young as age 3, but not much dataRead MoreSsri s For Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor1651 Words   |  7 Pagesantidepressants. Antidepressants first started being marketed in the late nineteen nineties to adults for the treatment of depression and anxiety. Studies done during this time showed that SSRI’s had less negative side effects compared to depression medications that were already being used. Prozac was the first drug in this classification of antidepressants. Today not only are SSRI’s used for the treatment of depression and anxiety but they also are prescribed to treat post-traumatic stress disorder, and

Parenting Styles And Their Influence On Children - 798 Words

Parenting styles have a direct correlation to how a parent interacts with their child and how their child interacts with them. Diana Baumrind was a developmental psychologist that came up with four basic parenting styles that influence how children behave throughout their life (Kopko,2007). The parenting styles consist of authoritarian, authoritative, permissive and uninvolved. An authoritarian style is characterized when a parent barely shows warmth to their child and has desires to control their child’s actions (Kopko, 2007). These types of parents tend to not give their children a reason for why they are telling them something other than the fact that they have the power to do so. Overtime, children of parents that practice an authoritarian parenting style may value their parents’ wishes over their own. This is a dynamic that is present because, the parent affirms the child’s worth through praising them for staying in the confines of their discipline. The main weakness of this is the child may experience guilt when their wants no longer align with their parents. They may feel like they have to choose between pleasing their parent and their happiness. This parenting style may affect the childs social development in the respect they may feel they do not have the freedom to experience certain life events. Also, they may feel limitied to only hanging out with people that their parent pre-approve of. Similar to authoritarian is authoritative parents that are warm and firmShow MoreRelatedParenting Styles And Their Influence On Children995 Words   |  4 PagesParenting Styles Today, being a parent is obviously challenging in several different directions. Every parent has different opinions on how they believe they should parent and punish their children. Parenting styles can be described as the way in which a family is structured. There are four major parenting styles that are all used today. The four styles include authoritarian, authoritative, permissive, and uninvolved parenting. Each one of these styles have their advantages and disadvantages. EvenRead MoreParenting Styles And Their Influence On Children951 Words   |  4 Pages In this day in age there are various approaches to raising children. Each parent(s) must decide for them selves which style best fits their beliefs and abilities. Many parents come to the conclusion that they will try their best and just hope that their children learn right from wrong and the abilities they need to succeed in life. However, what most parents do not always realize is that the style of parenting they are using may have a bigger impact on their child than they are aware of. For theRead MoreParenting Styles And Their Influence On Children1264 Words   |  6 Pageschild or children does not mean you have the fundamentals of being a good parent. Raising children you should be ready to teach, construct develop have conformity in the home and nature skills into your child so they are ready for society and the world in their near future. When parenting a child there are serval ways to raise children. Many parents prefer different methods over others. Some parenting styles are use more than others and are much favorable than others. Different parenting styles bringRead MoreParenting Styles And Their Influences On Our Children Essay2140 Words   |  9 PagesParenting Styles and Their Influences on Our Children The Community College of Philadelphia By: Maria Maldonado November 22nd, 2016â€Æ' The Introduction Thesis- It is my belief that in order to provide a framework of parenting that would allow for the best probable outcome for a child’s development it is important to take a stance in which we provide reasonable demands from our children while providing equal responsiveness to their needs. Majority of us are born with two arms, two legs, a head andRead MoreAttachment Theory and Parenting Style Influence on Children Essay1185 Words   |  5 PagesHow the child is raised and the parenting style used is a significant influence on that development by affecting the relationship between parent and child. This supports the Attachment theory in which emphasizes relationship between the child and caregiver as a key factor in development. My Caregiver’s Parenting Style My parents, my father specifically, believed that children should obey their elders without question and without hesitation. This outlook on parenting stems from their cultural backgroundRead MoreHow Parenting Styles Influence Children s Learning And Development1976 Words   |  8 PagesAs we have discovered, children are active learners from birth and parents are seen as children’s first educators. â€Å"Children of all ages need encouragement, adequate nutrition, shelter, parental interest in their schooling, and consistency in rules and expectations† (Barnes, 2006; Mental Health America, 2009, in Lamanna, Reidmann and Stewart, 2014:230) this should be in correspondence to the child’s age or development level. This chapter is going to explore theory from Baumrind to discover how differentRead MoreConsequences to Authoritarian Parenting 868 Words   |  4 Pagesadolescence offers the prospect to influence the child regularly. Parenting styles figures in as a prime part of a child’s mental health and behaviour. Parenting refers to the parent’s actions and reactions to their child, including expectations, beliefs and values. Diana Baumrind (1971, 1991), psychologist, based parenting on two aspects including control and warmth. Baumrind used the combination of these aspects in different ways to identify the four styles of parenting used today, consisted of, authoritativeRead MoreThe Fbi Behavior Analysis Unit1443 Words   |  6 PagesKarley Pecosky Psychology Parenting Styles The FBI Behavior Analysis Unit can profile a person down to the type of household they grew up in. Behavior as an adult, especially of a psychopath, is usually in correlation to a traumatic event of their childhood, usually involving their parents. The FBI has the ability to analyze all the behaviors of a person and tell you what kind of car they are mostly likely to drive, what profession they are most likely involved in, and in most cases, links toRead MoreDevelopment Of Infancy And Early Childhood1385 Words   |  6 Pagesdevelopment that occur during this time set the stage upon which further and more specific aspects of development will occur. There are many different external and internal components which influence and guide development during this time. These components include the individual’s family, including more specific parenting styles, as well as early education and the individual’s social environment. Each of these various aspects of development plays a critical and widespread role in these initial stages of developmentRead MoreEssay on Infancy and Early Childhood Development1654 Words   |  7 Pagesinteraction. Development begins during the prenatal period on up to the early years and depends on the nutritional, medical, emotional, and intellectual support of parents, family members, caregivers, and teachers (Cherry, 2011). Parenting styles also play a role in what influences development as well as early childhood education programs. During the prenatal period when a child’s development begins, thus being aware of many factors that can damage the fetus and the development of a healthy child. In

Dolphins Essay Research Paper Dolphins There are free essay sample

Dolphinfishs Essay, Research Paper Dolphinfishs There are many differences between Dolphins and Porpoises. Peoples might believe that the two are the same mammal, but they are non. Dolphinfishs have cone-shaped dentitions and porpoises have spade-shape dentitions. The easiest manner to state them apart is that the porpoise is smaller in size and is broader across the dorsum. Dolphinfishs are classified in the Delphinidae species and there are 30 to fifty different sorts of species in this household ( Minasian 204 ) . The Porpoises are classified under the Phoceonidae household which is Latin for pig-fish. Dolphinfishs are the smartest mammals in the ocean. Navy ships have used mahimahis to observe mines in the H2O and hunt out enemy pigboats. Dolphinfishs are really friendly mammals ; there are topographic points in Florida where one can sit the mahimahi in the H2O many dream of such a drive. This dream might non come true if people and different companies keep on killing them. We need to acknowledge the value of these mahimahis and the dangers confronting them, and acquire to halt these dangers and salvage this astonishing animal. The three chief dangers and menaces to mahimahis are pollutants, tuna boats and people. Dolphinfishs are really sacred animals to many people. When two mahimahis are in a symbol with one indicating up and the other one indicating down it symbolizes? The affaire dhonneur cosmic watercourse of involution and development? ( McIntyre 31 ) . The symbol is the manner of demoing how the mahimahi evolved and where it is traveling. The mahimahi by itself means? Allegory of Salvation inspired in the antediluvian legends which show it as the friend of adult male? ( McIntyre 31 ) . It tells the fabrication of a dolphin salvaging a adult male. The ancients believed that the mahimahi represented the critical power of the sea or H2O which symbolizes the beginning of life. The Grecian word for mahimahi is Delphys which means uterus and is known as the? populating uterus of the sea of creative activity? ( McIntyre 34 ) . Many of the Gods were based on the mahimahi because they believed it could partake in fabulous signifiers. There are many narratives about mahimahis and Gods and how they help the Gods from the sea. There are besides a batch of symbols that represent the mahimahis in small narrative blocks. This is likely why mahimahis are a signifier of good fortune or sacred to us in this century ( McIntyre 33 ) . Dolphinfishs are among a really few mammals and animate beings with the intelligence similar to our ain. Cetacean ( which is what dolphins, giants and porpoises are classified under ) encephalons are larger than human encephalons in memory and conceptual idea. There are three carnal types with comparable mental equipment ; these are worlds, elephants and blowers. Worlds are superior in the physical sense, but might be missing in the intelligence stage. Harmonizing to John Lilly: You see, what I have found after twelve old ages of work with mahimahis is that the bounds are non in them, the bounds are in us. So I had to travel off and happen out, who am I? What? s this all about? ( qtd. McIntyre 57 ) What Lilly is stating is fundamentally that the mahimahis have no bounds, they can maintain traveling and make anything for a long clip, but we limit ourselves and while we are making this the mahimahis are deriving more intelligence. The dolphin utilizations sonar like in a navy ship to observe dangers and other things in the Waterss. Sonar is a device utilizing submerged sound moving ridges for pilotage, scope determination, sensing of submersed objects, communications and etc. ( Readers Digest Dictionary 1278 ) . Since their echo sounding system gives them elaborate images of objects in the ocean, they might be able to animate sounds and undertaking images to one another. Harmonizing to Peter Warshall: Both adult male and cetaceans seem to hold a enormous capacity for digital information exchange ( information understood on the footing of its sequence in clip and infinite, like written words or the Morse Code ) utilizing fluctuations in pitch and frequence. Cetaceans may besides hold parallel communications systems which are so different from our ain that we may non be able to comprehend them. ( Analog information is information you understand because the informations itself is like what you are speaking about. For illustration, the word? loud? spoken aloud. ) It seems, excessively, that digital address is used chiefly to mention to tractable objects, while linear communicating trades with more subjective points like emotions. In this sense, it may be that Cetaceans have the ability ( utilizing their clicking setup ) to pass on digitally every bit good as analogously. ( qtd. McIntyre 58 ) What Warshall is reminding us is that the blower? s information are much more advanced than the information of a human being, possessing non merely one, but two ways to pass on. The manner the mahimahi communicates is through sound. Sound is its primary sense in the ocean. The ground mahimahis use sound is that it is excessively difficult to run at dark in murky Waterss because mahimahis are so deep the light doesn? t penetrate the H2O. Therefore, they use sound to state if it is loud or soft, fast or decelerate, high notes or low notes, short silences or long silences and many other combinations ( McIntyre 133 ) . Dolphins evolved two sorts of voice ; one is for societal communicating and the other voice is for pilotage and location. The reverberation they receive are synthesized by the encephalon into images and information ; for illustration: distance, way, velocity, form, texture, denseness and the internal construction of the object. Warshall has written about an experiment with mahimahis: A trainer taught a mahimahi to near a illuminated electric bulb. the mahimahi ever performed right but neer looked at the light bulb. The baffled trainer hid the light bulb. He turned it on and, certain plenty, the mahimahi swam towards it. The trainer figured it out: mahimahis prefer to listen-to hear the chink of the light switch-rather than look. ( qtd. McIntyre 134 ) This proves the theory that dolphins use sonar alternatively of utilizing their eyes to see. Their echo sounder is like our eyes. They can see anything and state everything that is go oning around them: Sonar is a manner of? seeing? with sound. The dolphin sends out a short chink or ping which hits a fish and bouncinesss back. The Dolphin hears the reverberation and interprets the size, texture, velocity, location, and other features of the fish from the reverberation. An reverberation can be placed between the outgoing chinks. In this instance, the dolphin interprets the returned unchanged reverberation. An reverberation can besides be placed so that it interferes with the surpassing chink. In this instance, the mahimahi must construe the sum and sort of deformation in the reverberation. ( McIntyre 134 ) Bottlenose mahimahis have been trained to use their echo sounder to state the difference between two metals and the thickness of them. Dr. Kenneth Norris did an experiment in which a mahimahi could state the difference between a half inch long gelatin capsule filled with H2O and a piece of fish the same form at 20 pess ( McIntyre 134 ) . This is utile to mahimahis because they use sonar in runing so they don? t pursuit after the incorrect quarry: A mahimahi can see item utilizing his sonar-sight by altering from low to high frequences. When sound moving ridges brush a fish with great celerity ( high frequence ) they return many more reverberations. Each reverberation provides an extra item for the mahimahi as he forms a sound image in his encephalon. ( McIntyre 135 ) This is how sound travels in H2O. Sound is energy. The manner Cetaceans create sound is by a disturbance-an explosion-by snarling the jaws shut, starting a bubble or slapping the good lucks. This compresses the H2O and the fluctuations in the perturbation makes the H2O? sound? otherwise ( McIntyre 136 ) . No 1 knows how the blowers produce their sound, but they are thinking it is the air that is recycled in the lungs merely as with people who play the saxophone and other instruments like it. Hearing in H2O for worlds is really difficult, but mahimahis, who wear? T listen through the ears, have other ways of listening. The manner they hear is through the jaw and the forehead part or melon. The sound hits the jaw and travels in a thin oil inside the lower jaw to the interior ear membranophone. The manner they hear from the melon is that sound enters the oil filled melon and base on ballss though air transitions to the interior ear membranophone ( McIntyre 138 ) . The building sounds in an oceanarium have been known to be so terrible it has killed a mahimahi in the nearby armored combat vehicle. When it rains, the noise in the out-of-door armored combat vehicles are so painful for the mahimahis they leap out of the H2O merely to get away the sounds like that the rain makes when hitting the H2O. The ground why this doesn? T affect dolphins in the ocean is because they can plunge deep plenty to avoid the horrifying sound. This is the manner the mahimahi and other mammals in t he ocean listen to one another, but it can be painful if the sound is excessively high in frequence for the mahimahi to take. Nevertheless, mahimahis are the lone animate beings on Earth that can hear such high tones and be alright with it. These astonishing mahimahis have been threatened by adult male for a long clip. Ever since the beginning of clip, worlds have tried to extinguish their challengers. First it was the Homo Neanderthalensis ; so they went on to kill most of the elephant species and other big mammals. In the present century the worlds have applied their cognition to killing off giants: The blower system appears to be a more incorporate and brooding one, evolved in conditions where immediate danger was non so likely as it was for most mammals. It is ironic that our engineering, which developed as an version to danger, has now presented the giants with dangers for which their ain evolutionary history leaves them rather unprepared. ( McIntyre 36 ) Cetaceans evolved so they could calculate out what dangers were in front, but now that engineering has kicked in, it is harder to calculate the dangers out because they are non used to the unnatural signifiers they take. There are chemicals in the H2O that kills many of the blowers members. Peoples are careless and dump pollutants and other things in the ocean that are really harmful to the species. One of the first happenings of pollutants found in the ocean was Polychlorinated Biphenyls and DDT? s. Polychlorinated Biphenyls are a really inordinate chemical found in pitch and used in lacquers and preservatives of citrous fruit fruits ( Readers Digest Dictionary 141 ) . DDT? s are a powerful insect powder which are effectual on contact ( Readers Digest Dictionary 342 ) . These pollutants were found on Britain? s seashore. John Harwood of Mammal Research Unit has done trials on a dolphin lying dead on the shore of Britain: The trials on isolated mahimahis were prompted by the find of a babe Bottlenose mahimahi, which was beached in Cardigan Bay, Wales. The babe mahimahi had more PCB? s and DDT in its tissues than animate beings from a severely polluted Wadden Sea off the Dutch seashore. ? For the degrees to be so high in an animate being so immature is really distressing, ? said John Harwood. Some dead porpoises stranded in the same topographic point besides had high concentrations of these pollutants. ( qtd. in Mackenzie 22 ) If the Waterss in Britain are this bad, no marine life will hold a opportunity to populate because the pollutants will kill them with in clip of them catching it. The manner the mahimahis get these pollutants are from the nutrient they eat. They accumulate them in their blubber and the toxic pollutants are released when the mahimahi has to populate off the blubber when it is sick, pregnant or in nerve-racking times. Hundreds of dead mahimahis were found on the Mediterranean beaches. These mahimahis were killed by a virus similar to the 1 that killed 20,000 seals in the north sea. The mahimahis died from pneumonia, because the virus destroyed the encephalons and lungs which caused their decease. Just as with an eruption among worlds, this is the mahimahis? pestilence and harmonizing to Seamus Kennedy: The eruption is the Mediterranean resurrects frights that the virus could infect all types of Marine mammals, including giants and the endangered monastic seal. ? From what we know about the behavior of morbilliviruses in tellurian mammals, they are highly deadly and spread quickly through a susceptible population. ? said Kennedy. Rinderpest, a morbilliviral disease of cowss, for illustration, can kill every animate being in a herd that has non been exposed to the virus before. ? There is no ground to believe that the virus won? T behave the same manner in Marine mammals. ? said Kennedy. ( qtd. Mackenzie 22 ) This disease is like poulet syphilis or even something worse, for this disease can kill. This disease could get down out like a common unwellness and weave up as an eruption like AIDS. This epidemic is distributing north to south from the Centre around the Balearic Sea. Approximately 50 mahimahis and other mammals have washed up on different seashore on the east side of the Atlantic ocean. ? We know that both seals and porpoises are so susceptible to these viruses. The opportunities that the monastic seals are non susceptible are so slender as to be non-existent? said Kennedy ( qtd. Dolphins in Danger ) . This epidemic has spread all the manner to the Gulf of Mexico where 33 mahimahis have washed up in Alabama and Mississippi. Kennedy states we think an epidemic is possible: ? Because we find a few animate beings positive, it means that the virus is about in a population of high susceptibleness, ? he says. He adds that there is no practical manner to hold an epidemic, and it would merely hold to fire itself out. ? If big Numberss die, at least we know in progress what? s doing it, ? ( qtd. Dolphins in Danger 13 ) The scientists know where the virus is located, but there is no manner of halting it because there is no possible manner to happen a remedy right know. The lone hope is that it merely goes off. Research workers have believed that cryptic deceases of 1000s of mammals in Europe and United States have resulted from TBT. TBT is tributyl Sn found in pigment on little boats which is used to maintain cirripeds from lodging to the hull. This is likely the most toxic substance of all time wittingly introduced to the sea ( Pearce 5 ) . The scientists believed that the porpoises picked up the compounds from the nutrient. Harmonizing to Hisato Iwata: He suspects that butyl Sn compounds may be linked to the mass deceases of several marine mammals populations in North Atlantic Waterss since the 1980 # 8217 ; s. The animate beings appeared to hold died from an epidemic morbillivirus, likely triggered by some unknown agent stamp downing their immune systems. Iwata says that immunosuppression is? one of the most representative toxicities of butyl Sn compounds. ? ( Pearce 5 ) They think that the butyl Sn may hold caused the epidemic morbillivirus which means boats are polluting the H2O and killing the mahimahis. The following biggest job is that mahimahis are being killed by cyberspaces from tuna boats. In 1992 more than a 100 dead mahimahis washed up on the seashore of Devon and Cornwell caused by angling cyberspaces. There were Markss of net rope on the mahimahi that suggested this scenario. In Britain the one hundred and 18 mahimahis were the most mammals killed in their records. The vets searched for what happen: They looked for marks of the extremely infective morbillivirus that killed 10s of 1000s of seals in the north sea in the late 1980 # 8217 ; s, and subsequently caused the deceases of 100s of stripped mahimahis in the Mediterranean. They did non happen any. Nor was there any suggestion that the mahimahis had suffered from a parasitic disease or pollution. ( Bonner 6 ) This is how they came to the decision it had to be cyberspaces because the mahimahis didn? T dice from any disease, but had Markss on them. The scientists so put two and two together and they figured out it was the cyberspaces. This besides tells them that the mahimahis were fundamentally murdered by fisherman merely so they could acquire their fish. Thirty to thirty-eight of the mahimahis examined had bad Markss around the beak and flipper countries. They besides had other Markss that told the testers that they were caught up in cyberspaces. A twosome of mahimahis had lost their fins and other parts because the fisherman had to break up the parts to acquire the mahimahis free from the web: The mahimahis died all of a sudden, with fish still undigested in their tummies. The species of fish, chiefly mackerel and sardine, and the narrow mesh of the cyberspaces Markss, suggest that they were caught by bag seiners or brace trawlers, big boats which ran a net between them up to a kilometer apart. ( Bonner 6 ) The fisherman didn? T attention what got caught up because they could hold shortened the net and watched where they dropped, but they merely cared about one thing and that was catching the fish. Dolphinfishs killed by tuna fleets are expected to be less than five 1000s in 1993. In 1992 15,470 died in cyberspaces ( Marine Conservation News 22 ) . This is a immense addition and no 1 cared ; they merely wanted to do money. Six old ages ago when a heart-breaking picture of a mahimahi threshing in the cyberspace of a Panamanian tuna boat was flashed across the telecasting screens around the universe, the solution for one time seemed blessedly simple: Ban the fishing cogwheel and patterns that enmesh the sleek, endearing mammals along with yellowfin tuna. Congress and the nutrient companies reacted fleetly. With in a twosome of old ages, the U.S. tuna market was basically closed to all but? dolphin safe? fish. ( Carpenter 71 ) This narrative is why tuna companies should halt fishing with cyberspaces and dragging them all over the H2O and possibly happen a different manner to catch their tuna. Finally, the authorities came through, but it was still late because another mahimahi had died a atrocious decease. Five old ages ago the Eastern Pacific was a sidesplitting field for mahimahis. Over the past 35 old ages six million blowers were killed from the tuna boat? s cyberspaces. The mahimahis were caught in the cyberspaces because tuna swim right underneath the mahimahis and this is how the mahimahis get captured. Tuna boat captains now have particular orders and hopefully this might work: Before a net is hauled in the captain backs up the boat, leting one terminal of the net to dunk below the sea surface opening up a flight channel for at bay mahimahis. Skippers besides use a particular cyberspace with a panel of all right webbing to forestall mahimahis from snagging their beaks and submerging. Furthermore, each tuna boat is granted an one-year mahimahi putting to death quota. If a skipper exceeds his bound, he must halt fishing on mahimahis for the twelvemonth, and the surplus is deducted from his allocation for the following twelvemonth. ( Carpenter 72 ) This is a good technique, but they shouldn? T kill any mahimahis. The new quota should read: if they kill one mahimahi they will lose their yachting licence and be fined to a great extent. With the safe cyberspaces, they should hold no job maintaining mahimahis alive. The authorities should besides merely allow a certain sum of boats to tuna Hunt and they should all be professional? s. That manner we will hold no dolphin violent death. Tuna boats have tried several methods of maintaining mahimahis off from cyberspaces. The first method is by bombing and the 2nd is utilizing bogus fish. The bombing process works like this. First they find a school of mahimahis and so a chopper or velocity boat drops a seal bomb to disorient the mahimahis. This method allows the fisherman to sack both mahimahis and tuna and one time they are caught up the fisherman bead another bomb to trail the mahimahis out the other terminal of the cyberspace. However, conservationists say? the mahimahis get caught up in the cyberspaces still. ? ( Anderson 19 ) Congress eventually has done something right: In the late 1988, the U.S. Congress banned the usage of explosives more powerful so seal bombs, which were exempted from the statute law pending farther surveies. Last November, the national piscary service concluded that no explosives should be detonated within one and a half pess of the mahimahis ( Anderson 19 ) . The Fisheries Service stepped in and told the boats what to make because the authorities was excessively frightened. The other method plants like this. The fictile devices reflect the mahimahi? s echo sounder signals and halt them from swimming into the cyberspaces: Dolphinfishs and porpoises eatage for nutrient with the aid of echo sounder. Like chiropterans, they send out sound moving ridges and do sense of their environment beyond the scope of their sight from the reverberation they have back. ? It? s as if the animate being has a limelight on top of its caput, a spot like a mineworker? s lamp. ? says David Goodson. , but fishing cyberspaces are excessively all right to reflect the echo sounder. ? Basically, the cyberspace is acoustically unseeable to the mahimahis. ( Coghlan 18 ) If they can happen a manner to do the cyberspaces sonar built, so the mahimahis will maneuver off from them and there will be no dead mahimahis. The design of the experiment is a lightweight ball: ? The curvature of the interior surface is critical and must be precisely right to give the needed contemplation from any angle approached? ( Coghlan 18 ) . The mahimahis are supposed to swim over the cyberspaces, but alternatively they swam around them and so after it was clear they went back to the original class after they bombarded it with echo sounder. Goodson says? a much larger scale trial is now required to optimise the contemplation design and spacing ( Coghlan 18 ) . The lone clasp back for this undertaking is the money needed for the research and without farther support this thought will neglect. Worlds have straight caused some of the mahimahi? s deceases excessively. The humans entirely have done this without any arms, chemicals or cyberspaces. Harmonizing to C.A.L.M ( Department of Conservation and Land Management ) : Young mahimahis at Monkey Mia in Western Australia are deceasing because their female parents have become dependent on nutrient handed out by park Texas Rangers to entertain tourers. The Dolphinfishs nursing from manus fed females, are malnourished and vulnerable to disease and assail by marauders. ( Anderson 5 ) The Texas Rangers are killing the mahimahis and the tourers think it is fun. If the mahimahis become weak so they will decease from sharks and other enemies because they are so weak they can non contend back. In 1975 tourers were feeding four female mahimahis and merely two of these mahimahis are still alive. The females produced 17 progeny and merely five remain. The mortality rate was 70 per centum since 1986 ( Anderson 5 ) Even sometimes mahimahis kill their ain sort. Nineteen healthy mahimahis were stranded on the beach and died because they followed their leader. Every one of the mahimahis were healthy except the male leader, the 1 they followed. Paul Jepsen says? Sick blowers frequently beach themselves? ( qtd. Anderson 5 ) . This is merely like a cult making what of all time the leader does. Harmonizing to Jepsen: There are three theories about why groups of mahimahis become stranded on beaches, he says. ? It may be through disease, or because they chase fish inshore or because of some kind of navigational mistake # 8211 ; possibly because their reverberation sounding systems do non descry gently postponing beaches. ? The necropsies showed that none of the mahimahis had been eating fish instantly before they die. ( qtd. Anderson 5 ) This is the mistake of the mahimahis, even though they are supposed to be the smartest mammal so why are they making this to themselves. After all the violent death of mahimahis by tuna boats, the authorities has eventually made some regulations against these fishermen. Tuna companies have agreed that? they will no longer sell tuna caught by methods harmful to mahimahis? ( ? Tuna w/o Guilt? 63 ) . The companies will set out a label on all tins that will state? Dolphin Safe. ? Harmonizing to Senator Joseph Biden: The Tuna company will set a DOLPHIN SAFE logo on its tins, and may hold to bear down? a twosome of cents more? to account for higher costs, O? Reilly said. The dolphin-free promise was matched on the same twenty-four hours by the other two major canners, Bumble Bee Seafood and Van Camp Seafood which sells Chicken of the Sea trade name. Environmentalists responded with hilarity. ? It was an incredibly responsible action. ( ? Tuna w/o Guilt? 63 ) The canners have agreed as good that? They will no longer accept tuna caught in the part, unless it has been harvested without salvaging the mahimahis as good? ( ? Tuna w/o Guilt? 63 ) . When they had announced that the tuna fish would be made dolphin free, they said? It symbolized the victory of ecological values that non merely can non be measured in dollars and cents, but have no obvious human benefit at all, this 1s for the mahimahis? ( ? Swim With the Dolphins? 76 ) . Heinz made the first move to guarantee tuna fish to be dolphin safe. Following them were other companies. Heinz did this in concern for clients and in taking this measure, it received station cards and letters from concerned school kids. Ted Smyth says: ? Hopefully in a few old ages the safest topographic point for tuna will be swimming underneath a dolphins. ? ( ? Swim With the Dolphins? 76 ) If a jurisprudence is passed that tuna boats can non sack around mahimahis so tuna will non hold anything to worry approximately because they swim with the mahimahis and no 1 will be able to acquire to them. Health experts urge Americans to populate longer by eating more fish, but conservationists warn that sacking tuna had already killed 80,000 mahimahis. There is concern for this because they are the most intelligent animal next to worlds. Now the tuna boats sail behind the streamer? We Love Dolphins. ? The job is that tuna love dolphins excessively, and love to swim with them. When the boats throw the cyberspaces around the mahimahis, they merely hope to happen tuna below, non recognizing the danger they are doing to other animals besides the mahimahi: Dolphinfishs are non yet wholly safe. Giant fishing vass towing 30-miles-ling impetus cyberspaces strip mine the sea of both mammals and fish. Their effectivity is so complete that The United Nations has called for an terminal to their usage. And so there? s pollution. When half the Bottlenose mahimahi population on the U.S. middle Atlantic seashore died, the authorities suspected a natural ruddy tide was to fault. But many scientists wondered whether PCB? s found in the dead animals, frequently at degrees fifty times higher so the degrees allowed in fish, had weakened them foremost. ( ? Dolphins Get a New Reason? 14 ) Finally the authorities understands that the cyberspaces are really unsafe to the mahimahis and other blowers in the ocean. Now what the mahimahis have to worry approximately is PCB? s, and if they get attacked by anything so they will be defenceless because they will be so weak. Another job the mahimahis have to face is imprisonment: ? Heartss are won over when these marine mammals perform, but many critics believed that it is barbarous to maintain them in imprisonment? ( Riley 58 ) . Laws were passed in South Carolina censoring any public show of confined mahimahis and giants and in Australia their gaining control and show has been ban since 1988. The Miami Dolphins football squad has a mahimahi that is in a armored combat vehicle so it can execute for the fans during halftime. Lawsuits were filed against New England Aquarium over intervention of the mahimahis. Whatever the hereafter holds, the particular relationship that has existed between the mahimahis and worlds since the clip of Homer will go on. Even Scientists trained to detect life with rigorous objectiveness, acknowledge the human impulse to happen? a kindred spirit? in mahimahis. O? Barry learned that felicity in life is the journey itself, non some topographic point you arrive at. Dolphins live that manner every twenty-four hours. ( Riley 67 ) Dolphinfishs and adult male have ever been close and will be like this for old ages to come. Dolphinfishs live life in felicity because they don? T recognize the danger people cause them. Dolphinfishs are intriguing animals which people already know, but now people are understanding them better. We have lost a batch of mahimahis over many of old ages and hopefully people, angling boats, and chemical workss will watch what they are making because they are destructing a species that one twenty-four hours could salvage our lives and be a valuable beginning. Look at what the mahimahis did for the naval forces during wartime. They helped steer the ships through mine Fieldss and spotted the enemies ships and other things to assist the U.S. in the war. Possibly Congress or even the president will go through a jurisprudence that prohibits tuna boat angling unless they can come up with a manner non to kill or ache the mahimahis. There are still many dangers out in the ocean that are killing mahimahis and hopefully in the hereafter we will be able to happen them all and bring around them so non another individual mahimahi will decease. Remember mahimahis are mammals and they are really near to us so we should protect them as we protect our ain species. Anderson, Ian. ? Dolphins Pay a High Price. ? New Scientist 15 Oct. 1994: 5. Anderson, Ian. ? Tuna Fleet Banned from? bombing? dolphins. ? New Scientist 14 Apr. 1990: 19. Bonner, John? Mackerel Lured Dolphins to Certain Death. ? New Scientist 22 Jan. 1994: 6 Carpenter, Betsy. ? What Price Dolphin? ? US and News World Report 13 Jun. 1994: 71-73 Coghlan, Andy. ? Fake Fish Steer Dolphins Away from Danger. ? New Scientist 11 Apr. 1992: 18 Dobb, Horace. Follow the Wild Dolphin. New York: St. Martins Press, 1982. ? Dolphins Get a New Reason to Dance. ? US. News and World Report 23 Apr. 1990: 14. ? Dolphinfishs in Danger. ? New Scientist 11 Dec. 1993: 13 Hecht, Jeff. ? Suit and Countersuit Over Dolphins Rights. ? New Scientist 12 Oct 1991: 15. Howard, William W. ? Protecting Dolphins. ? Newsweek Mar/Apr 1996: 76. Mackenzie, Debora. ? Poisoned Dolphins Prompts Britain to Monitor Life in the Seas. ? New Scientist 14 Jul. 1990: 22 Marine Conservation News, Autumn. ? Dolphin Dilemmas. ? Environment Nov 1993: 22. Minasian, Balcomb and Larry Foster. The World? s Whales. Washington D.C. : Smithsonian Books, 1984 McIntyre, Joan. Mind in The Waters. San Francisco: Sierra Club Books, 1974. Pain, Stephanie. ? Dolphins Virus Threatens Last Remaining Monk Seals. ? New Scientist 3 Nov. 1990: 22 Pearce, Fred. ? Dead Dolphins Contaminated by Toxic Paint. ? New Scientist 13 Jan. 1996: 5 Readers Digest. Readers Digest Great Encyclopedia Dictionary. United States: The Readers Digest Association 1975. Riley, David. ? Our Love of Dolphins has Turned into a Questionable Affair. ? Environment 28 Jul. 1994: 58-67 ? Swimming With the Dolphins. ? Newsweek 23 Apr. 1990: 76. Time Life. Whales and Other Sea Mammals. United States: Time Life Films 1977. ? Tuna Without the Guilt. ? Time 23 Apr. 1990: 63.

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Project Outline - Essay Example Everything becomes meaningless without a vision. Therefore, one has to devote his time and effort in order to make his vision a reality. Vision drives people to take action and move forward. A leader has to realize his unique vision and organize all his activities in attaining it. Effectiveness of leadership is all about doing much and talking less. More often, people are more affected by what they see than what they hear. Therefore, one has to choose actions and stop wasting people’s precious time on cheap talks about his intentions and plans One cannot lead in a vacuum. Leadership is all about influencing, communicating and engaging. The basis of effective leadership is communication skills. Therefore, it is imperative to communicate with people as this will yield amazing results. Personality has an effect on all aspects of an employee performance. Not every personality is fit for every position; thus it is advisable to recognize various personality traits and group employees according to what theyre capable of doing best. This results in job satisfaction, motivation and increased productivity, thus helping the organization to work more effectively and achieve its goals and objectives. Intrinsic Motivators- these are motivators that originate from within without any external influence e.g. hunger and sleep. Nobody creates these motivations since you already have them and forms part and parcel of the human being Extrinsic Motivators – these motivators originate from an external environment, and they tend to control individual behavior. Nobody is born with these factors; for instance, yearning for money, prices, and praise and good

Books and e-books Essay Example for Free

Books and e-books Essay Some people believe that printed books are no longer necessary in this digital era, as all writings can be stored electronically. Others think print books till play important role. Discuss both views and give your opinion.  In the past few years, e-books have been sold or downloaded for free in large numbers on the internet. These books and e-readers are challenging convention reading habits making the sales of traditional books decreased. But it still needs much consideration before eliminating altogether the need for printed books. There is no doubt that e-books are able to offer huge amount of information with feather like weight. Readers do not have to face the difficult choice of which book should be taken with on vacation, as one single e-reader like kindle or Nook would hold all the books you might want to read on the trip with no extra space in suitcase being wasted. E-books are also strong contenders when it comes to pricing. Because they are delivered in digital format, a part of the overhead including printing, storing and distribution can be avoided. And many classic books are free online, which is a boon to readers who only need a partly review or reference from those books. However, we cannot ignore a fact that the popularity of digital books can be a bit daunting for many readers who are used to going to the local book store, browsing the aisles and perhaps reading any chapter before purchasing. Or, there still are some senior readers who are reluctant to buy and learn to use an e-reader instead of holding a real book and making note wherever they want. Then when we talk about personal book collections, electronic ones can hardly be involved. Privately owned printed books can typically be displayed neatly as part of the household collection. These books may build up a reader’s spirit world and be good company as having friends being around. The bottom line is that both printed books and e-books have something to offer. We cannot simply eliminate the use of any single format because they are needed in different situation by various kinds of readers. They are all  making life better.

Children and Eating Disorders Essays -- Anorexia Bulimia Weight Essays

Children and Eating Disorders In the past few decades researchers have focused on eating disorders, the causes of these disorders and how they can be treated. However, it has mainly been in the last decade that researchers have started looking at eating disorders in children, the reasons why these disorders are developing at such a young age, and the best recovery program for these young people. To understand this growing problem it is necessary to ask a few important questions: Is there a relationship between family context and parental input and eating disorders? What effect do mothers who suffer or have suffered from an eating disorder have on their children and specifically their daughters’ eating patterns? What is the best way to treat children with eating disorders? TYPES OF CHILDHOOD EATING DISORDERS In an article focusing on an overall description of eating disorders in children, by Bryant-Waugh and Lask (1995), they claim that in childhood there appears to be some variants on the two most common eating disorders found in adults, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. These disorders include selective eating, food avoidance emotional disorder, and pervasive refusal syndrome. Because so many of the children do not fit all of the requirements for anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and eating disorder not otherwise specified, they created a general definition which includes all eating disorders, "a disorder of childhood in which there is an excessive preoccupation with weight or shape, and/or food intake, and accompanied by grossly inadequate, irregular or chaotic food intake" (Byant-Waugh and Lask, 1995). Furthermore they created a more practical diagnostic criteria for childhood onset anorexia nervosa as: (a)... ... and Allied Disciplines 36 (3), 191-202. Edmunds H., Hill AJ. (1999). Dieting and the family context of eating in young adolescent children. International Jounal of Eating Disorders 25(4), 435-40. Kreipe RE. (1995). Eating disorders among children and adolescents. Pediatrics in Review, 16(10), 370-9. Lunt P., Carosella N., Yager J. (1989) Daughters whose mothers have anorexia nervosa: a pilot study of three adolescents. Psychiatric Medicine, 7(3), 101-10. Marchi M., Cohen P. (1990). Early childhood eating behaviors and adolescent eating disorders. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 29(1), 112-7. Smolak L., Levine MP., Schermer R. (1999). Parental input and weight concerns among elementary school children. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 25(3), 263- 71.

Political Influences of Constructivist Theory Essay

There are several political influences that underlie the constructivist curriculum theory. Before the 1900s, the principles of constructivism were not very well regarded because it was generally thought that classroom instruction should be rigid and that teachers should be the sole generator of knowledge and while student’s only task in the classroom is to absorb that knowledge (Kitchener, 1986). During the 1920’s, educators such as Jean Piaget and John Dewey, began calling for educational reforms to adapt more â€Å"democratic† curricula that make use of constructivist ideals (Kitchener, 1986). These people inspired political movements that called for a different approach to learning. These political influences prompted the establishment of organizations that sought to veer away from the traditional learning methods. One such organization which was formed is the National Council of Teachers in Mathematics (NCTM). The NCTM saw how traditional methods called â€Å"drill and kill† numbed student’s minds and made learning inapplicable to practical circumstances and began to launch political and educational movements intended to help teachers facilitate learning more effectively in the classroom (NCTM, 2008). However even at the present, constructivist educational reforms have yet to take root in American legislation. Still, there are instances when political will is raised by the public to find new ways to deliver quality education. One such instance was in the latest release of the Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMMS) worldwide testing which showed that American students were performing poorly based on the world standards (AGI, 2008). This prompted movements that yet again called for a different approach to education outside of the traditional lecture methods. In 2002, the U. S. House Subcommittee on Education Reform introduced legislation that sought to overhaul the current research methods for deriving effective teaching practices and better explore constructivist approaches (AGI, 2008). This legislation is known as the Education Sciences Reform Act (AGI, 2008). In conclusion, it can be said that the constructivist curriculum is politically tied with the public’s desire to have better working educational models for their children. This want is what has driven movements to exist and call for government to address the problem.

Theme Of Fire In Fahrenheit 451 - 934 Words

Fire, the symbol of warmth, destruction, and renewal, is a dominant image in the novel Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. Guy Montag, the protagonist, lives in a grim, futuristic United States where people have given up books and knowledge in general for entertainment and instant gratification. The standard use of fire to warm and heat has been replaced to be used for destruction and entertainment. Montag’s job as a fireman clearly shows this, as he is required to burn books and houses. Montag’s understanding of fire and burning as destruction is completely reversed by the end of the book when he regards it as a symbol of warmth and renewal. Montag’s enjoyment of fire and burning is changed through his interactions with Clarisse and†¦show more content†¦We can tell that he wanted to burn his house because â€Å"He wanted to change everything, the chairs, the tables, and in the dining room the silverware and plastic dishes, everything that showed that he ha d lived here†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Bradbury 116). He wanted to get rid of his old life and all memories of it. Beatty had said â€Å"Burn all, burn everything. Fire is bright and fire is clean† (Bradbury 60). Beatty told Montag that fire can be used for cleasing – just burn anything that is a problem. Ironically, Beatty is Montag’s problem, so he follows his advice and burns him. With the use of fire, Montag successfully gets rid of his previous life and Beatty, the person who controlled him before. He is having a rebirth in life. After Montag barely escapes the city, the true meaning of fire is shown to him. When he first see the group of hobos with Harvard and Cambridge degrees, they were warming themselves next to a fire talking and sharing ideas, making it a symbol of warmth. The Phoenix, a bird of fire, appears in the end as a symbol of renewal and rebirth. Granger compares mankind to a phoenix when he said, â€Å"But every time he burnt himself up he sprang out out of the ashes, he got himself born all over again. And it looks like we’re doing the same thing†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (163). He thinks that humankind has one advantageous trait compared to this bird, and that is learning from its mistakes. Granger wants his group to remember past mistakes to change them. They go on towardsShow MoreRelatedTheme Of Fire In Fahrenheit 4511246 Words   |  5 PagesThe world of Fahrenheit 451 is not a place that one may want to live. It is a dystopian world. With authoritative control and absolutely no individual f reedom, the author Ray Bradbury really set out to emphasize not only the need for literature/knowledge but also the power technology holds in his envisioned future. The novel being titled Fahrenheit 451 one might have thoughts of heat or burning or fire. Whether fire is being used as a weapon of destruction or a way to cleanse the impurity in theRead MoreTheme Of Fire In Fahrenheit 451800 Words   |  4 Pages2017 Fire. The symbol of warmth, destruction, and renewal, is a prominent theme in the novel Fahrenheit 451, written by Ray Bradbury. Guy Montag, lives in a grim, futuristic United States where people have given up books and knowledge for entertainment and technology. The use of fire in the past is to give warmth and heat and has now been replaced for the use destruction and satisfaction. Montag’s job as a fireman is to burn books and houses that have books stowed away. 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This society believes that being intellectual is bad and that a lot of things that are easily accessible today should be censored. The overall message of the book is that censorship is not beneficial to society, and that it could cause great harm to one’s intelligence and socialRead MoreReview of Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 Essay1496 Words   |  6 PagesReview of Ray Bradburys Fahrenheit 451 In Ray Bradburys novel Fahrenheit 451, the author utilizes the luxuries of life in America today, in addition to various occupations Read MoreFahrenheit 451 And V For Vendetta, By Ray Bradbury1457 Words   |  6 PagesIn the novel Fahrenheit 451 written by Ray Bradbury and the film V for Vendetta by James McTeigue, there are a different range of features of their text type which explore the common theme of individuality against oppression. A fascist government occupies London after a world war in V for Vendetta. Where V uses terrorist tactics to fight the dictators, after saving Evey from the secret police, he now discovers an ally in the battle against England’s corrupt government. Fahrenheit 451, set in the futuristicRead MoreFigurative Language In Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury702 Words   |  3 Pages â€Å"Don’t face a problem, burn it.† (Bradbury 115). This is a quote from the book, Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. Fahrenheit 451 follows Montag’s journey after he begins to realize the truth about books. The overall theme is censorship and more importantly the result of it. In the beginning of the novel, Ray Bradbury focuses on figurative language to convey his theme. Throughout the first part, Bradbury uses many forms of figurative language such similes, metaphors, and irony. One example ofRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Essay1581 Words   |  7 PagesViolence Is Frequently Relevant To the Society in Fahrenheit 451 Fahrenheit 451 is a novel written by Ray Bradbury. In Bradbury’s futuristic novel, violence is prevalently revealed in the society. Violence in society is aggression, cruelty, rough or injurious physical actions and treatment towards the citizens and civilization in the society, where everyone has the same theory and beliefs on the way one should act. In Fahrenheit 451, everyone is careless and relatively violent with the exceptionRead MoreFahrenheit 451: the Firemen851 Words   |  4 PagesRay Bradbury’s Fahrenheit 451 staunchly contrasts these other writings; rather than presenting some omniscient tale admonishing its audience of the dangers of government hierarchy, Bradbury uses satire to criticize primarily emerging trends in society, providing an account that deems them equally as harrowing and dangerous as some authoritarian government, although he does include a limited number of strands involving an anti-government theme. This unique aspect of Fahrenheit 451 h as earned the attentionRead MoreFahrenheit 451 Vs. 1984970 Words   |  4 PagesFahrenheit 451 vs. 1984 Ray Bradbury and George Orwell share a very similar theme in their two novels, Fahrenheit 451 and 1984. Winston Smith and Guy Montag work within an authoritarian organization, in which, they have opposing views of the authority. The novels are placed in a dystopian setting that the authority believes is a utopia. The dystopian fictions both have very similar predictions of the future. The predictions from these novels have not happened. However, it could be a short matter